CVR Results Up on Increased Volumes, Prices; Turnarounds Expected to Add Capacity

Despite a very wet spring season, CVR Partners LP, Sugar Land, Texas, reported much-improved results on higher volumes and prices for the second quarter and first half ending June 30, 2019. Second-quarter UAN prices were up 14 percent, with a 26 percent uptick in sales volumes, while ammonia prices climbed 31 percent, with volumes up 34 percent.

Second-quarter net income was $19 million ($0.17 per common unit) on net sales of $137.7 million, up from the year-ago loss of $16.4 million ($0.15 per unit) and sales of $93.2 million. Adjusted EBITDA was $59.8 million, up from the year-ago $26 million.

“We continued to experience wet weather across the Midwest during the second quarter of 2019, which impacted the spring planting season and hindered the movement of nitrogen fertilizer across the country,” said Mark Pytosh, CEO of CVR Partners’ general partner. “However, our plants ran well in the quarter, with ammonia utilization rates of 97 percent at Coffeyville and 98 percent at East Dubuque. Despite the weather impacts, we experienced solid demand for fertilizer during the second quarter, and were able to deliver significant volumes of product to customers at netback prices much higher than the second quarter 2018.”

Pytosh told analysts that in addition to the late planting, severe flooding in Kansas and Oklahoma curtailed UAN rail shipments for 18 days between mid-May to mid-June.

He added that CVR created strong distributable cash during the quarter and declared a distribution of $0.14 per unit.

Second-quarter direct operating expenses decreased $6 million, primarily due to a year-ago turnaround.

Total capital expenditures for the year continue to be put between $20-$25 million. The company plans a $7 million 28-day turnaround in September at the East Dubuque plant. Over the next several turnarounds at both plants, CVR said it intends to improve on reliability and debottleneck the plants in incremental ways to gain added production.

Pytosh said the late planting season extended well into July, and he expects customer inventories to be at very low levels. He noted that the late season also delayed the start of the summer UAN fill.

Like many, Pytosh believes USDA corn acreage and yield estimates to be overstated. “We expect fertilizer demand to be strong in the third quarter and expect demand to further increase when customers begin focusing on the spring 2020 planting season, where we currently expect planted acres to be significantly higher than 2019.”

Six-month net income was $12.9 million ($0.11 per unit) on sales of $229.5 million, up from a year-ago loss of $35.5 million ($0.31 per share) and $173 million, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA was $85.8 million, up from $39.1 million.

Sales (000 st) 2Q-19 2Q-18 1H-19 1H-18
Ammonia 110 82 146 118
UAN 340 270 628 615
Plant Gate Pricing 2Q-19 2Q-18 1H-19 1H-18
Ammonia ($/st) 456 348 434 340
UAN ($/st) 217 191 219 169
Production (000 st) 2Q-19 2Q-18 1H-19 1H-18
Ammonia (gross) 211 174 390 373
Ammonia (net) 71 65 112 124
UAN 316 241 651 580
Feedstock Cost* 2Q-19 2Q-18 1H-19 1H-18
Pet Coke ($/st) 34.60 25.33 36.14 21.34
Nat Gas (MMBtu) 2.61 2.78 3.11 3.00

*Used in production

Southwestern Fert Conference Shatters Attendance Record; Attendees Note Unease after Tough Spring

A record 2,096 industry participants gathered in Nashville, Tenn., on July 21-25 for the 94th annual Southwestern Fertilizer Conference. The event easily surpassed last year’s record of 1,850 attendees, with the new Nashville venue and the active fertilizer market both contributing to this year’s surge in interest.

One source described the mood at the conference as “uneasy,” with the agriculture industry facing ongoing trade issues and trying to rebound from a tough spring.  An informal poll of attendees at the July 24 breakfast session found that most believe this year’s planted corn acreage will total 84-86 million acres when USDA issues revised figures in August, well below the agency’s June 28 estimate of 91.7 million acres (GM June 28, p. 1).

A lower acreage estimate in August would likely prod the corn market, and attendees were optimistic that fertilizer demand will be strong for the 2020 crop year. “If we can figure out some of these trade issues, 2020 is going to be a great year,” said Garrett Lofto, President and CEO of J.R. Simplot Co., keynote speaker at the conference’s breakfast session.

The fall 2019 application season remains uncertain, however, due to an expected late harvest, the threat of an early frost, and unpredictable autumn weather conditions. Although the recent heat wave has given late-planted corn fields a needed boost, most attendees said the fall harvest will be at least two weeks later than usual, with some areas likely to see the start of harvest activities pushed out to late October or early November.

Lofto outlined a series of key events from 2007-2015 that made for “fantastic years for agriculture.” He said the global food marketplace “ramped up” during this period, forcing the food industry to move fast to capitalize on trends. The result was an industry shift toward transparency, freshness, sustainability, and social responsibility, all driven by consumer demand.

What this means for fertilizer use, according to Lofto, is that technology will play a larger role; transparency and traceability will increase; nutrient stewardship will continue to play a lead role as growers strive for “more crop for the drop;” more specialty products will be launched, with “more science behind them;” and the push for reducing the industry’s carbon footprint will only grow.

“You are going to get closer to the food consumer than ever before,” he said, referring to the push for transparency as both a “challenge and an opportunity.” Lofto cautioned that market volatility will continue, however, and remain heavily influenced by the “two t’s: trade and tweets.”

Conference organizers also used the event to honor three new inductees into the Fertilizer Hall of Fame: Neal Pratt of the Texas Agriculture Extension Service; Jerry Christian of CF Industries; and Bill Doyle, former CEO of Potash Corp. of Saskatchewan Inc. They join the hall’s other members, which include 2018 inductees Ford West, Dee Willard, and Ken Winborn; 2017 inductees Nelson Abell and Harold Trammel; 2016 inductees Ed Krysl, Sam Killebrew, and Dr. Yates Smith; and 2015 inductees Donald Ford, Dr. John Douglas, and Tom Tiefel.

Itafos Inks Guinea-Bissau Agreements

Itafos, Toronto, has signed an engineering, procurement, and construction management (EPCM) agreement for phosphate mine site development in Farim, Guinea-Bissau, with Lycopodium Minerals Canada Ltd. of Toronto, and the project’s port site development with W.F Baird and Associates Ltd. of Madison, Wisc.

“Signing EPCM agreements with Lycopodium and Baird represents key milestones in the development of Itafos Farim, one of the highest grade undeveloped phosphate mine projects in the world,” said Dr. Mhamed Ibnabdeljalil, interim Itafos CEO.

The EPCM agreement with Lycopodium is for services related to the development of Itafos Farim’s mine site, which is expected to produce 1.3 million mt/y of phosphate rock. Lycopodium performed a technical report for Itafos Farim in 2015.

The EPCM agreement with Baird is for services related to the development of Itafos Farim’s port site, which is expected to load the mine’s phosphate production for global export. Milestones achieved to date include advancing detailed design, completing geotechnical design for piling and soil profiles, and advancing tendering of major procurement packages and long lead items.

In addition to the EPCM agreements with Lycopodium and Baird, Itafos said it has been advancing other aspects of the construction and engineering of Itafos Farim, including finalizing engineering, studies, and field work, completing a construction camp, and hiring crew members.

Itafos also owns and operates Itafos Conda, near Soda Springs, Idaho, with production and sales capacity of about 550,000 mt/y of MAP, superphosphoric acid (SPA), merchant grade phosphoric acid (MGA), and specialty products, including ammonium polyphosphate (APP). In May, Itafos Conda produced 34,288 mt of MAP, exceeding the previous record of 32,341 mt accomplished in May 2013 (GM, June 28, p. 26).

It also is developing the Itafos Paris Hills underground phosphate mine project in southeastern Idaho.

It owns and operates Itafos Arraias in Tocantins, Brazil, where it produces 500,000 mt/y of single superphosphate (SSP), SSP with micronutrients (SSP+), and other products, and about 40,000 mt/y of excess sulfuric acid in Tocantins, Brazil, and Itafos Santana in Pará, Brazil; Itafos Mantaro in Junin, Peru; and Itafos Araxá, a rare earth elements and niobium mine and extraction plant project in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Sasol Set to Spin-off Explosives Business into JV with Chile’s Enaex

Johannesburg-based Sasol Ltd. has selected Chile’s Enaex SA as its preferred partner to negotiate the terms and conditions for the possible formation of a joint venture for its explosives and rock fragmentation business. Santiago-headquartered Enaex would take responsibility for the management and operation control of the new jv, should it be formed, Sasol said. The Chilean company is Latin America’s largest producer of explosive-grade ammonium nitrate.

Sasol began a detailed asset review in 2017 to ensure that all assets in its global portfolio deliver against “stringent” financial metrics. In line with that review, the company said Sasol’s explosives business was identified as having “tremendous growth potential” that could be “unlocked through collaboration opportunities,” including the possibility of partnering with a world-class explosives brand.

Sasol subsidiary Sasol South Africa Ltd. would be the participating entity in the proposed jv.

“Enaex SA would be the controlling partner of the proposed partnership, which would be formed by spinning off certain assets and associated activities within the current Explosives value chain of Sasol South Africa Ltd.’s Base Chemicals business into a new jv company, which will include the associated business activities in both South Africa and the rest of the countries of Southern Africa,” Enaex said.

The proposed jv with Sasol is part of the Chilean company’s strategic plan to continue strengthening its international presence in the most important mining regions of the world.

As part of the exclusive negotiations phase, the potential partner will be required to continue to ensure “reliable and sustainable” ammonia offtake for Sasol South Africa, Sasol said. The potential partner will also be required to maintain Sasol’s “leading safety record,” and to be in a position to offer existing Sasol explosives employees career opportunities, it said.

The incorporation of Enaex into the jv remains subject to reaching an agreement on the terms of the respective contracts to form the partnership and obtaining any necessary authorizations from public authorities.

Also this week, Sasol said it has written down the value of assets in North America and Africa by R18.1 billion (approximately $1.3 billion at current exchange rates), equating to around 9 percent of the company’s market value. The company said as a result of the impairments, earnings per share (EPS) for the year to June 30, 2019, are expected to plunge 46-56 percent (approximately R6.56-R7.99 per share) from the year-ago EPS of R14.26.

Adjusted EBITDA is expected to decline by between 4 and 14 percent, compared to R51.5 billion in the prior year, despite the 19 percent increase in the South African Rand per barrel price of Brent crude oil, it said. The drop in earnings is mainly attributed to losses at the company’s Lake Charles chemicals project in the U.S. and the impact of softer chemical margins.

Sasol said it has had to make “sizeable” impairments of relevant cash generating units (CGU) due to the softer outlook for global chemical and gas prices,  the higher capital spend on the Lake Charles chemicals project, and lower expected U.S. ethylene and global mono-ethylene glycol prices.

The Ammonia CGU in the company’s Southern African value chain was impaired by R3.3 billion (approximately $237.2 million at current exchange rates), mainly as a result of a much weaker forecasted international ammonia sales prices.

Sasol said core headline earnings per share – which takes out once-off items, including operating losses from the Lake Charles project during ramp-up – are expected to increase  1-11 percent (approximately R0.36 to R4.0 per share).

Ma’aden on Track to Close Meridian Deal in 3Q; Company Reports 2Q Loss

Saudi Arabian Mining Co. (Ma’aden), Riyadh, this week said its first international acquisition, of African fertilizer distribution company Mauritius-based Meridian Group, is progressing “according to plan,” and it expects the transaction to close in the current third quarter.

Ma’aden announced the deal in April, and will acquire an 85 percent stake in Meridian in an all-cash transaction that will provide it with a network of operations across southern Africa, from Malawi to Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Zambia, and a distribution volume of approximately 500,000 mt/y of fertilizer (GM April 19, p. 1). The Saudi company will acquire the remaining 15 percent of Meridian’s equity over four years. The financial details of the deal have not been disclosed.

Meanwhile, Ma’aden reported a net loss of Sar243.7 million (approximately $65 million at current exchange rates) attributable to shareholders of the parent company for the second-quarter ended June 30, compared with a year-ago net profit of Sar517.8 million.

The reported loss came in wider than the average analyst estimate, with Bloomberg putting the average estimate at a Sar128.8 million loss (range loss Sar29 million to Sar227 million).

Ma’aden attributed the loss mainly to decreasing realized prices for all products except gold, and to one-time costs related to the restructuring of its aluminum rolling business. It said the impact on profit of these two factors was Sar481 million and Sar159 million, respectively.

Profitability was additionally adversely impacted by higher input costs, operating expenses, depreciation, and finance costs, in part driven by full recognition of the operating costs of the majority-owned Ma’aden Wa’ad al Shamal Phosphate Co. (MWSPC) and Ma’aden Rolling Co. (MRC). MWSPC and MRC started commercial operations last December (GM Dec. 7, 2018).

Second-quarter revenues were up 26 percent on a year-ago, however, reaching Sar4.3 billion against Sar3.4 billion a year-ago. The company mainly cited increased sales volumes of ammonium phosphate fertilizer as well as aluminum flat rolled products, and MWSPC and MRC reaching full commercial operations, as driving the revenues’ increase

But EBITDA was down by 29 percent on second-quarter 2018 at Sar1.3 billion.

“The second quarter of 2019 showed further weakness in our core commodities, phosphate and aluminum, with prices continuing the downward pressure seen since 2018, although gold prices remained strong,” said Ma’aden President and CEO Darren Davis.

Ma’aden’s Phosphate business, which includes the ammonia business, saw a 21 percent decline in second-quarter EBITDA to Sar574 million from a year-ago. Sales grew 41 percent year-on-year to Sar2.098 billion, in part reflecting the inclusion of MWSPC. The Phosphate business contributed 44 percent of the company’s second-quarter 2019 EBITDA.

Davis noted the further decline in phosphate prices during the quarter and that they remained under pressure. But he highlighted the “further good progress” made at MWSPC in the second quarter in ramping up operations, with the operation “steadily overcoming commissioning technical challenges.”

Trial DAP production began at MWSPC’s Ras Al-Khair plant on July 8, 2017. It has nameplate capacity for 3 million mt/y of ammonium phosphate fertilizer capacity. Mosaic Co. and SABIC own 25 and 15 percent stakes, respectively, in MWSPC.

Second-quarter production of ammonium phosphate fertilizer (most, if not all, is believed to have comprised DAP) amounted to 1.328 million mt, an increase of 68 percent on a year-ago. It should be noted that second-quarter 2018 production did not include MWSPC ammonium phosphate fertilizer production, as it was not at that time in commercial operation. Trial DAP production began at MWSPC’s Ras Al-Khair plant on July 8, 2017. The plant has nameplate capacity for 3 million mt/y of ammonium phosphate fertilizer capacity.

Ammonium phosphate fertilizer sales reached 1.26 million mt in the second quarter of this year, up from 750,000 mt a year-ago. Sales volumes from MWSPC were not included in the year-ago quarter.

Company-wide second-quarter ammonia production increased to 600,000 mt, an increase of 18 percent on the year-ago. The company noted second-quarter 2018 ammonia production was lower due to the Ammonia-I unit maintenance turnaround shutdown.

Ammonia sales were up 16 percent in the second quarter at 348,000 mt from a year ago.

Phosphate Fertilizer & Ammonia Production & Sales (‘000 mt)

  Q2-2019 Q1-2019 Q2-2018
Ammonium phosphate fertilizer      
Production 1,328 1,233 789
Sales 1,264 1,101 750
Ammonia      
Production 600 591 507
Sales 348 396 301

Looking ahead, Ma’aden sees a continued deterioration in phosphate and ammonia markets “with limited sign of recovery.”

“Whilst market challenges are likely to continue, production will reach record levels in 2019, and the company will have renewed its focus on operational excellence,” Davis said.

Regarding the company’s growth investments, he said the company’s Ammonia-3 project is progressing within the approved schedule and budget. The 3,300 mt/d facility at Ras Al-Khair was the first plant to begin construction at the company’s planned third large-scale phosphate complex, “Phosphate 3.” The engineering, procurement, and construction contract for the ammonia plant was awarded in October 2018 (GM Oct. 26, p. 1) and is scheduled for completion in early 2022. On completion, this third ammonia unit will take Ma’aden’s ammonia production capacity to around 3.5 million mt/y.

The completion of Phosphate 3 will raise the Saudi company’s capacity to supply phosphate fertilizer to global markets by 3 million mt/y, and take its total phosphate fertilizer production capacity to nearly 9 million mt/y. According to Ma’aden, Phosphate 3 will make Saudi Arabia the world’s third largest producer of phosphate fertilizer, and the second largest exporter.

 

August Deal with Acron for Petrobras’ UFN-III Assets, Reports Say

State-owned Petróleo Brasileiro SA (Petrobras), Rio de Janeiro, and Acron Group, Moscow, are expected to sign a sale and purchase agreement next month for the Brazilian oil and gas group’s still-to-be completed nitrogen fertilizer complex, Unidade de Fertilizantes Nitrogenados III (UFN-III) in Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul state, according to a report by Brazilian financial newspaper Valor Econômico.

Reports have been circulating in recent weeks speculating that Acron is the would-be-buyer of Petrobras’ 100 percent stake in the UFN-III assets (GM July 19, p. 25; June 28, p. 27).

Earlier this month, according to the Bolivian Ministry of Hydrocarbons, the Russian fertilizer group and Bolivian state-run oil and gas company Yacomientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB) were said to have reached an agreement for the supply of gas to “a fertilizer plant in Brazil’s Mato Grosso do Sul state.” The Brazilian plant in question is presumed to be the still-to-be completed UFN-III assets.

Petrobras put UFN-III up for sale in September 2017, together with its 100 percent stake in nitrogen fertilizer plant Araucária Nitrogenados SA (ANSA), in Paraná state (GM Sept. 15, 2017). Last year, Acron was reported to be in exclusive negotiations with the Brazilian group to buy UFN-III together with ANSA, which at the time were being offered for sale as a package (GM May 11, 2018).

Acron, for its part, has never confirmed publicly its interest in the Petrobras fertilizer plants. Petrobras this week had not responded by press time to Green Markets’ enquiries for comment.

UFN III is thought to be about 81 percent complete. Its production capacity will include 3,600 mt/d of urea, 2,200 mt/d of ammonia, and 290 mt/d of carbon dioxide. According to the Bolivian Ministry of Hydrocarbons earlier this month, Acron and YPFB will invest some US$2 billion to complete the plant, with its start-up targeted for 2023 (GM July 12, p. 1; July 19, p. 25). The Bolivian oil and gas company would take a 12 percent stake in the plant with an option to increase the holding to 30 percent, according to the ministry.

 

Acron Reports 4 percent Rise in 1H Fert Production

Acron Group, Moscow, reported a 4 percent increase in mineral fertilizer production in the first six months of this year, to 3.197 million mt, up from 3.062 million mt a year-ago. Total commercial output was up 1.5 percent year-over-year, to 3.803 million mt compared with the previous year’s 3.749 million mt.

The group increased ammonia production by 6 percent, to 1.36 million mt, with the volume of ammonia processed to end products rising 11 percent year-over-year to 1.189 million mt, which Acron said was “another record.”

The group’s ammonia output and the volume of ammonia processed will continue to expand, it said. It plans to finalize upgrades to the ammonia unit at Dorogobuzh by the end of the year, increasing its capacity to 130,000 mt/y (GM May 10, p. 31).

Agricultural-grade urea output – all of which is produced at the Veliky Novgorod site – was up 33 percent to 631,000 mt, reflecting the commissioning of the new urea-6 unit late last year (GM Nov. 30, 2018). Acron plans to complete the construction of a new urea granulation unit by the end of the current year, which it said will produce “premium” product.

The group said it also has continued to expand its technical-grade urea production, with first-half output up 12 percent year-over-year, to 60,000 mt.

Production of UAN increased alongside the expansion of urea output, and in the first six months of this year rose 29 percent from a year-ago, to 858,000 mt. Ammonium nitrate production increased 14 percent year-over-year, to 1.07 million mt, due to the expansion of nitric acid output. Acron commissioned two new nitric acid units, each with 135,000 mt/y capacity in the first half of the year (GM March 8, p. 25; June 28, p. 27). Construction of another nitric acid unit is underway, and is expected to be commissioned at the end of 2019.

But Acron’s group-wide complex fertilizer output was down 17 percent, to 1.056 million mt from 1.28 million mt a year-ago, which it attributed mainly to Dorogobuzh suspending its blend production due to weaker regional demand. However, in early 2019, the group brought on stream a new fertilizer blending unit at its Veliky Novgorod site (GM Jan. 25, p. 26), “significantly” expanding its product portfolio with blends, it said.

Group-wide NPK output decreased 13 percent, to 998,000 mt from the year-ago 1.15 million mt, due to a temporary reduction in apatite concentrate supply from the Oleniy Ruchey mine. Acron attributed this to factors such as a higher volume of overburden operations year-over-year and the lower phosphorus grade of the ore at this stage of underground mine development.

Six-month apatite concentrate production was 22 percent lower at 482,000 mt, down from the year-ago 619,000 mt. However, Acron expects apatite concentrate output will recover in the current third quarter to the level sufficient to utilize the full NPK capacity at the group’s production facilities. It expects that ore quality will improve and apatite concentrate output will go back up with further development of the underground mine.

Looking at price trends for key products, Acron noted the higher global urea prices during the second quarter due to strong demand in India and Latin America and high prices of urea available for export from China. Supported by higher production costs, urea prices in China have ranged between $280-$300/mt FOB this year, the group noted.

Acron said given the growing demand, second-quarter Baltic FOB urea prices increased from $230-$270/mt. Citing industry experts, the group expects Baltic FOB prices for urea to remain relatively stable in the current third quarter and range from $260-$270/mt, and to grow modestly in the fourth quarter due to increased demand before the spring sowing season in the Northern Hemisphere.

For ammonium nitrate, second-quarter Baltic FOB prices rose on the back of higher urea prices, the group noted. But Baltic FOB prices of UAN, which fell during the first quarter due to a seasonal pullback in demand, did not recover significantly in the second quarter due to unfavorable weather conditions and a delay in seasonal demand in North America, a key UAN market.

To obtain higher netbacks, Acron said it continues to expand sales to end customers. This past May, the group began direct UAN supplies to Argentina (GM May 24, p. 29)

The group noted that NPK prices remained relatively stable in the second quarter, with the support from the positive price trend in the nitrogen segment offset by negative trends in the phosphate and potash segments. In the second quarter, the NPK premium over the basic product basket was approximately 20 percent, it said.

 

Average Indicative Prices, FOB Baltic/Black Sea ($/mt)

 

2Q 2019 1Q 2019 2Q 2018
Ammonia 223 276 232
Urea 250 243 225
UAN 138 178 155
AN 197 182 166
NPK 16-16-16 305 312 291

Data source: Acron Group

Militants Hit, Derail Phosphate Train in Central Syria

A Syrian freight train carrying phosphate derailed and caught fire in central Syria on July 21 after it was hit by explosives planted on the tracks by militants, according to an Associated Press (AP) report citing the country’s Transport Ministry.

The government-owned train was transporting phosphate from mines in Khunayfis in Homs province. According to the country’s state news agency, SANA, some of the train crew sustained injuries, but no further details are available. The Transport Ministry said work to repair the railway and restore traffic is underway.

Russian energy company Stroytransgaz has operated Syria’s Khunayfis and Sharqiya phosphate mines, located south of Palmyra, since early 2018 under a 50-year contract agreed to with the Syrian government in 2017. Under the contract, the Russian company is entitled to 70 percent of the revenue.

Since March of this year, the Russian company also has been in charge of state-owned fertilizer producer’s General Company for Fertilizers’ (GCF) Homs fertilizer complex (GM March 8, p. 25). Under the deal with the Syrian government, Stroytransgaz was reported to be slated to invest about $200 million in rehabilitation work at the GCF production facilities in exchange for a 49 percent stake and a 40-year production-sharing deal.

Kalium Lakes Set to Complete Funding for Beyondie SOP Project

Junior sulfate of potash (SOP) developer Kalium Lakes Ltd., Balcatta, Western Australia, on July 26 announced that it had raised a total of A$55.6 million (approximately US$38.7 million) through the institution entitlement offer launched earlier this week as part of a A$72 million equity raising that will complete funding for its Beyondie SOP project, 160 km southeast of Newman .

The company plans to use the proceeds, together with a A$102 million credit approval from Germany’s KfW IPEX-Bank (GM July 5, p. 29) and A$74 million from the Northern Australia Infrastructure Facility (NAIF) (GM Feb. 22, p. 29), for construction of the project, as well as for working capital that will take it to first production.

Kalium Lakes Managing Director Brett Hazelden said the successful completion of the equity raising, together with the finalization of the loan facilities, would ensure that the company is “fully funded” to develop the Beyondie project. “After the raise and final debt documentation, we will be in a position to approve our final investment decision and immediately commence development of the Beyondie project so that Kalium Lakes becomes Australia’s first sulphate of potash producer in calendar year 2020,” he said.

The company is targeting a 90,000 mt/y SOP stage 1 production facility, ramping up to an 180,000 mt/y SOP full-scale facility (GM March 8, p. 26). It firmed up a 10-year offtake deal with K+S Group, Kassel, in March for the purchase of up to 90,000 mt/y of SOP from Beyondie, potentially starting in 2021 (GM March 29, p. 1).

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