The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is proposing to sell 1,142 acres of public land in Southeast Idaho’s Caribou County to the J.R. Simplot Co. to accommodate the company’s proposed development of a new Dairy Syncline open pit phosphate mine about 12 miles east of Soda Springs. Simplot officials say the parcel is needed to develop existing federal mineral leases and to supply phosphate to its fertilizer production plant near Pocatello. In total, about 2,133 acres will be disturbed by the Dairy Syncline project, including six pits that would impact about 1,389 acres.
The direct sale is allowed under provisions of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, but the land cannot be sold for less than fair market value. Simplot has operated the Smoky Canyon Mine in the county near the Wyoming border since 1983, but that mine’s phosphate reserves are projected to be depleted in a few years.
In October 2008, Simplot submitted a mine and reclamation plan for the Dairy Syncline project, which the BLM is reviewing. That plan did not identify the 1,142 acres as part of the project. An amendment to the plan may be needed if the BLM decides to sell the property before the plan’s revision is completed.
Environmentalists say putting the property into private hands would inhibit their ability to influence the mine’s final operation plan and limit federal oversight of the mine, setting a bad precedent. Greater Yellowstone Coalition spokesman Marv Hoyt says the public risks losing access to other lands, as well as resource value. Government oversight would shift from federal agencies to the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (IDEQ).
“We are pleased about the publishing of the notice of intent to begin the scoping process for this project, and we look forward to working with various government agencies during this time,” said Simplot spokesman David Cuoio. “The Dairy Syncline reserves represent a critical part of our long-term commitment to provide growers around the world with crop nutrients as well as our desire to continue employing hundreds of people at our Pocatello plant, Smoky Canyon mine, and elsewhere.”
According to Jeff Cundick, BLM minerals branch chief in Pocatello, the 1,142 acres are among dozens of isolated parcels across the region that are costly to manage and have limited access and use.
If the plan is approved, an environmental impact statement (EIS) would be prepared in accordance with National Environmental Policy Act requirements to determine and analyze the impacts of the plan and the proposed land sale.
Without the land sale, Simplot says, its phosphate development under the specific lease could be adversely affected. The 1,142 acres are needed for disposal of mill tailings, which would require a tailings pond, an ore tailings line from the mine to the pond, and a water main return pipeline from the pond to a mill. An eight-mile underground phosphate slurry line and a new power line also are planned. An ore stockpile would consist of 750,000 to one million tons.
“According to the applicant, the economic viability of this project is dependent upon the successful transfer of this land through sale to the mineral lessee. The mineral lease would suffer substantial economic loss if the proposed sale tracts were purchased by another party or if the tracts were made unavailable for sale or exchange,” an April 8 BLM notice states.
As of April 13, the BLM was no longer accepting land use applications for the acreage, which has been segregated from all forms of appropriation under public land laws. The public has until May 28 to comment on the proposed land sale. The acreage identified for sale is next to U.S. Forest Service property. The Caribou-Targhee National Forest, in separate negotiations, is considering exchanging land for another 400 acres at the site.
The BLM’s Pocatello field office and the Caribou-Targhee National Forest will jointly prepare an EIS to determine the Dairy Syncline mine’s impact on people and the environment. The U.S. Forest Service and the BLM, respectively, administer the property’s surface and mineral estates. The public has until May 13 to comment on the EIS.
Reclamation would begin concurrently with mining operations. Simplot would totally backfill mine pits and limit the amount of overburden placed external to the pits. The amount of time that overburden is exposed to the elements would be limited to discourage selenium leaching. Simplot has proposed covering the overburden with a thick layer. Livestock in Southeast Idaho has been poisoned by selenium from phosphate mines contaminating streams and vegetation.
In 2000, the BLM completed an EIS to support its decision to lease mineral rights to Simplot by competitive bid that year. The federal mineral lease was transferred from P4 Production LLC, a Monsanto company, to Simplot in 2009.
Four open-house meetings to explain and discuss the Dairy Syncline project are planned for Pocatello, Fort Hall, Georgetown, and Soda Springs. A final decision on the mine application is expected in 2013.